The Widespread Application and Evolution of New Technologies in CNC Systems

The Widespread Application and Evolution of New Technologies in CNC Machine Tool CNC Systems


The CNC machine tool series of Shenzhen Jingdiao CNC Equipment Co., Ltd. is constantly being updated, providing greater room for upgrading the CNC system< Br/>
1. Application of Digital Image Processing Technology



At present, digital image processing technology is widely used in industrial production, such as in automatic assembly lines to detect the quality of parts, classify parts, inspect printed circuit board defects, analyze the resistance and lift of elastic mechanics photos and fluid mechanics photos, and use machine vision to track advanced design and manufacturing technologies. The rapid development of digital image processing technology has enormous potential both in theory and practice, and has a profound impact on China's modernization construction. Its development direction is mainly reflected in the following aspects: in terms of high resolution and high speed, its goal is to achieve real-time processing; Stereoscopic makes the information contained in images more rich and complete, and combines images and graphics to achieve three-dimensional or multi-dimensional imaging; Intelligence can achieve automatic generation, recognition, and processing of images; In recent years, new theories and algorithms have been introduced in the field of image processing, such as Wavelet, neural networks, genetic algorithms, etc., promoting the development of image processing technology in CNC systems.
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2. Application of Automatic Programming Technology



CNC automatic programming technology has received widespread attention, and experts and scholars from various countries are devoted to researching automatic programming systems. CNC machining refers to a machining process method that automatically processes parts on a CNC machine tool according to a pre programmed program. The final effect of part machining directly depends on the efficiency and accuracy of CNC programming. Numerical control programming is currently the most important step in improving machining accuracy, surface machining quality, machining efficiency, and achieving production automation, and is widely used in the manufacturing industry. CNC programming can be divided into manual programming and automatic programming. For parts with large program volume and complex trajectory calculation, manual programming is impossible. Even if machining programs can be developed, their low efficiency cannot meet the market demand. Under the tremendous impact of the rapidly developing technological revolution, traditional mechanical design and manufacturing methods have undergone fundamental changes. The design and production cycle of products is becoming shorter and shorter, gradually moving towards small batch, multi variety, high-precision and efficient processing. Especially with the promotion of computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology and the widespread application of computer numerical control machining technology, computer-aided automatic programming is imperative. Automatic programming is the use of computers to replace programmers in completing programming tasks, automatically generating machining instructions, solving some difficult problems that are difficult to solve by manual programming, and fully utilizing the fast and accurate computing speed of computers, which can greatly improve the efficiency and accuracy of programming< Br/>


Since the emergence of CNC machine tools, CNC programming has gone through two stages: CNC language programming and CAD/CAM integrated programming. In the CNC language programming stageAPT-AC, APTIV/SS and other development stages, capable of processing 2D, 3D, and multi coordinate parts. The emergence of APT language has shifted CNC machining programming from being oriented towards machine tool instructions; Assembly Language; Upgraded to a high-level language for geometric elements and machining methods, it has the characteristics of simple programming and flexible tool paths. But with the rapid development of computer technology and CAD technology, its shortcomings are increasingly evident. It is limited by language description ability and has high requirements for users, making it difficult to meet the requirements of integrated design and manufacturing. In the integrated programming stage of CAD/CAM, with the help of a good software development platform, the graphic editing function of CAD software can be fully utilized to directly draw part drawings on the computer and form graphic files. Then input the process parameters and call the CNC programming module, and the computer can automatically perform data processing and generate CNC machining programs. At the same time, the tool path can be dynamically displayed on the screen. This method does not require the operator to input data, thus greatly reducing human error and maximizing programming efficiency and machining quality. Due to the fact that the graphic programming system directly generates CNC machining instructions from part drawings, CAD can be directly used for part drawing design. In the 1980s, based on the concept of CAD/CAM integration, Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems (CIMS) gradually emerged. Compared with APT language, it has the following characteristics:



Firstly, this programming method is directly oriented towards the geometric shapes of the parts, without the need for complex mathematical calculations or specific language descriptions of the geometric shapes of the parts. It has the advantages of being intuitive, simple, accurate, and easy to inspect< Br/>


Secondly, it is conducive to achieving the integration of CAD/CAM. The typical CNC automatic programming system is an integrated software system connected to the corresponding CAD software, which can perform computer-aided design and directly call the designed graphics< Br/>


Thirdly, this type of software can be run on general-purpose computers without the need for specialized programming machines, making it easy to promote and a development direction for automatic programming systems< Br/>


Due to the late start of China's CNC programming system, although a lot of work has been done, there is still a significant gap compared to developed countries. On the basis of APT language, some similar languages have been developed, but overall, due to the limitations of subjective and objective factors such as funding and technology, many software developed lack systematicity and need further improvement to better serve industries such as mechanical manufacturing and processing. The emergence of increasingly complex parts and high-precision and efficient machining have put forward higher requirements for CNC automatic programming systems, while adapting to the development of advanced manufacturing technologies such as high-speed machining, parallel engineering, agile manufacturing, and CIMS. After entering the 1990s, with the rapid development of microelectronics, automatic control, and CNC machining technology, CNC automatic programming and machining technology have shown some new development trendsIntegrate CAM and other systems together to form an automated CIMS system, in order to fully utilize the internal information of the integrated system and improve the efficiency and quality of product design and manufacturing processes< Br/>


(2) Further enhancement of intelligence level



The work on intelligence has just begun, which refers to integrating human professional knowledge into integrated systems and establishing various knowledge bases using artificial intelligence methods, including expert systems, intelligent libraries, self-learning functions, etc< Br/>


(3) Parallelization


With the development of computer technology and network technology, especially the popularization and application of Internet technology, computer collaborative work has been highly valued. The development of new products requires the collaborative work of experts from relevant disciplines, forming a new working mode - group work, thereby shortening the product development cycle, reducing manufacturing costs, and improving product quality< Br/>


3. Application of Artificial Intelligence Control Technology



The emergence of intelligent control comes from the high complexity and uncertainty of controlled systems, as well as the increasing demand for higher control performance. Intelligent control is an advanced stage in the development of traditional control, which is an important product of highly differentiated and integrated contemporary science and technology. The core of an intelligent control system is concentrated in; Intelligently;, And intelligence can only rely on simulating human intelligence. Therefore, the fuzzy set theory that simulates human fuzzy logical thinking, the neural network theory that simulates the structure and function of the human brain's nervous system, and the evolutionary theory that simulates human perception action have all become components of the new disciplinary foundations for studying intelligent control theory. Starting from the 1970s, people summarized the relationship between artificial intelligence technology and adaptive, self-organizing, and self-learning control from the perspective of control theory. They proposed that intelligent control is the intersection of artificial intelligence technology and control theory, and established the system structure of human-machine interactive hierarchical intelligent control. Fuzzy controllers based on fuzzy language description of control rules have been widely and successfully used in industrial process control. The mutual penetration of fuzzy control with the ideas of production systems and expert systems in artificial intelligence has promoted the development of intelligent control. After entering the 1980s, expert system technology gradually matured, and the application research of neural networks made significant progress. Since the 1990s, the application research of intelligent control has been exceptionally rapid, integrating fuzzy systems, neural networks, evolutionary computing, and other fields. These three new disciplines have become important foundations for intelligent control< Br/>


The main characteristic of classical control and modern control theory is model-based control. Due to the increasing complexity of the controlled object, its complexity manifests as high nonlinearity, high noise interference, dynamic mutation, dispersed sensing and executing components, hierarchical and decentralized decision-making mechanisms, multiple time scales, complex information structures, etc. These complexities are difficult to describe with accurate mathematical models. In addition to the complexity mentioned above,It can more effectively simulate and integrate human intelligence, opening up a new chapter in the application of intelligent control theory in CNC systems.